Acephylline

Acephylline

The stimulant medication acefylline belongs to the xanthine chemical family. It functions as an antagonist for adenosine receptors. A theophylline derivative with a direct bronchodilator effect is acephylline piperazine. It has advantages over theophylline in that it is significantly less poisonous and causes less stomach irritation. It is prescribed to treat bronchospasm-related acute and chronic bronchitis, asthma, and emphysema. Acefylline reduces bronchospasm, relaxes smooth muscles, and stimulates breathing. It produces diuresis, activates the heart and central nervous system, and lowers peripheral resistance and venous pressure.

Although phosphodiesterase inhibition does cause an increase in intracellular cyclic AMP, the mechanism of action is still unclear. These effects do not appear to occur at concentrations that are often employed to produce clinical effects. Adenosine receptor antagonistic activity, prostaglandin antagonistic activity, and effects on intracellular calcium are further hypothesised modes of action. The main usage of sodium phenobarbital, a non-selective CNS depressant, is as a sedative-hypnotic.

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